Box wing aircraft design pdf

This approach can provide a better understanding of the relationship between various aeroelastic metrics and the distribution of material within a wing box, and therefore improve the understanding of the optimal topology when each of these metrics are eventually included in a unified. One, two, or three sets of wings have all been successfully utilized. Wing geometric parameter studies of a box wing aircraft. As the name implies, the wings on this type of flying machine are attached to the fuselage and are not intended to move independently in a fashion that results in the creation of lift. Methods for improvements of the box wing aircraft concept and corresponding aircraft configuration cn201580051870. Wing and fuselage structural optimization considering.

Alternately, a fuelcarrying bladder or tank can be fitted inside a wing. Some values of c1 given in the aircraft mass prediction72 manual are. Conceptual design and optimization methodology for box wing. A box wing aircraft is based on a continuoussurface nonplanar wing formation with no wingtips. Development of an advanced composite aileron for the l101. Aerodynamic analysis of box wing configuration for. Pdf this work studies the characteristics of the aerodynamics design of a box wing aircraft bwa with the potential gain of aerodynamics. Study of optimal design of spar beam for the wing of an aircraft 1ajith v s, 2dr. Already in 1924 ludwig prandtl indicated that a wing system generating minimum induced drag consists of two wings whose tips are connected by vertical plates prandtl 1924. The box wing aircraft in this experiment is designed to act as a medium to large capacity, longrange aircraft. This study investigates the aerodynamic tradeoffs of a boxwing aircraft configuration using highfidelity aerodynamic optimization.

This paper presents an introduction to box wing aircraft technology, and an overview of current re. Welcome to part 6 of a series on an introduction to aircraft design. Induced drag is a function of finite span loading, and moderated by various ways to improve design efficiency at a given span loading. In order to calculate the induced drag coefficient of the box wing aircraft it is necessary to know its aspect ratio and its span efficiency factor. Study of optimal design of spar beam for the wing of an. This artists concept shows a possible future subsonic aircraft using a boxed or joinedwing configuration to reduce drag and increase fuel efficiency. This paper presents a conceptual design process for a medium range box wing aircraft is pre sented. The most common aircraft is the fixedwing aircraft. The wingbox continues beyond the visible wing roots and interfaces with the fuselage in the centre wingbox, which forms the structural core of an aircraft. The approach is to demonstrate how theoretical aspects, drawn from topics on airplane aerodynamics, aircraft structures, stability and control, propulsion, and compressible flows can be applied to produce a new conceptual aircraft. Wing design the total wing area of the box wing aircraft is equal to that of the reference aircraft, and is split into the forward and aft wings in equal parts. In part 5 we looked at the role that the airfoil profile plays in determining the flying characteristics associated with its selection. Preliminary structural design optimization of an aircraft.

The comparison showed satisfactory convergence of coefficients for the clean configuration and some discrepancy for the takeoff. Lift coefficient for maximum aerodynamics efficiency of box wing aircraft. Meet new box wing aircraft range 800 km maximum speed 290 km aerodynamic quality 12 aircraft weight 440 kg will be built in both piston and electric versions. Box wing aircraft conceptual design has been studied by jemitola and fielding 2. Introduction to wing structural design aerotoolbox. Optimal topology of aircraft rib and spar structures under.

In the conceptual design of the box wing aircraft 2. For the corner fillets, the rotation planes are derived from a linear combination of xz and xy planes. Design optimization of a composite wing box for high. Schiktanz and scholz perform a systematic and general investigation. For example, when designing a wing it is necessary for this wing to have the maximum lifttodrag ratio, the minimum weight, the sufficient lifespan and enough internal volume to contain the large amount of fuel, to be easy to manufacture and etc. Figure 18 shows a wing section with a box beam structural design such as one that might be found in a transport category aircraft. Department of aerospace engineering, cranfield university email protected. Analytical evaluation of box wing aircraft aerodynamic. In our final introductory post on the wing we look at a typical wing structure, the various loads that the wing is expected to carry during operation, and introduce the methodology behind.

This structure increases strength while reducing weight. A closed wing is a wing that effectively has two main planes which merge at their ends so that there are no conventional wing tips. The design of a promising medium range box wing aircraft based on the airbus a320 taken as reference aircraft is performed. Scholz hamburg university of applied sciences aero aircraft design and systems group berliner tor 9, 20099 hamburg, germany abstract a systematic and general investigation about box wing aircraft is conducted, including aerodynamic and performance characteristics. According the avls manual 12, the viscous drag is calculated from the. A total of five optimization studies are conducted, where each study extends the previous one by progressively adding a combination of design variables and constraints. Big cost drivers are involved in aircraft assembly and assemblyrelated. Conceptual design of a mediumsized joinedwing aircraft 17 december 2009 proceedings of the institution of mechanical engineers, part g. Box wing design by lockheed martin nasas big ideas for. It is a wedgeshaped, onecell box, thinning slightly from root to tip.

Aero aircraft design and systems group, berliner tor 9, 20099hamburg. Keywords horizontal aircraft, wing box, skin, spar, stringer and ribs. For improving the method and corresponding aircraft construction of boxlike wing aircraft. Introduction a wing is a lifting surface, lift is produced due to pressure. Box wing flight dynamics in the stage of conceptual. Box wing fundamentals an aircraft design perspective.

Closed wing designs include the annular wing commonly known as the cylindrical or ring wing, the joined wing, the box wing and spiroid tip devices like many wingtip devices, the closed wing aims to reduce the wasteful effects associated with wingtip vortices. Structural weight has always been important in aircraft manufacturing industry. The reliability of the calculation results was estimated using flz code the vortex lattice method. The design is taken through the general steps in aircraft preliminary. Volume 1 preliminary design approach of the wing box. The diamond box wing aircraft bwa was designed at hamburg university of applied sciences in the project airport 2030. Currently there are still a number of technical issues which. Box wing aircraft conceptual design paul o jemitola.

Flight testing a box wing aircraft bwa in the simulator. Airframe wingbox preliminary design and weight prediction. A metal wing is a box structure with the skins comprising the top and bottom, with front. Professor, jawaharlal college of engineering and technology.

Conceptual design methodology of a box wing aircraft. Considering that a large number of candidate material and geometric shapes are available early in the design cycle, preliminary design optimization of skinstringer panels used to build an aircraft wing is required to obtain the best preliminary structure before the final design phase. The design is taken through the general steps in aircraft preliminary design. Task for a master thesis according to university regulations. Their design, manufacture and installation can be significant with long lead times. A conceptual design optimization methodology was developed for a. Professor, jawaharlal college of engineering and technology, 2professor, arj college of engineering and technology, 3asst. It is shown that the designed wing could be a good candidate for similar general aviation airplane implementation. A systematic and general investigation about box wing aircraft is conducted, including aerodynamic and performance characteristics. They found that a box wing design, due to its superior aerodynamics characteristics compared to a conventional aircraft, can help reduce the operating cost of a medium range aircraft. The wingbox is so called since on many designs the combination of the forward and rear wing spars and the upper and lower wing skins together form a natural box shape running through the wing. Lockheed martin janes joined wings and blended wingbody configurations are being considered for future airlift and tanker requirements. Design of aircraft is intended as a text for a seniorlevel capstone aerospace or aeronautics engineering course dealing with the conceptual design of aircraft. Joint fixity effect on structural design of a box wing.

Lockheed martin claims that an advantage of the boxwing concept is that it can carry multiple refueling booms, increasing the number of fighters that one aircraft can support. The chosen airfoils are supercritical, and belong to the second. It also presents otherwise unpublished data and design methods that are suitable for aircraft conceptual, preliminary and detail design activities. Load distribution on wing is also carried out in this paper. The intent of this research is to mature hypersizers usability for final design and certification of traditional transport wing box structures. Pdf wing geometric parameter studies of a box wing aircraft. This box wing design by lockheed martin is made possible by the use of advanced lightweight composite nonmetallic materials. A rotarywing aircraft consists of the following four major units. The fuel consumption of the final aircraft is 9 % lower than.

Examples of design variables include wing twist and sectional shape. They bested all other competitors in the microclass due to high marks in their design report and presentation. Tail rotor assembly you need to be familiar with the terms used for aircraft construction to work in an aviation rating. When we reduce our weight per wingspan, or fight the result wake vortices using 3d geometries, such as winglets etc. Box wing aircraft will suffer from induced drag the same as any aircraft will, if they are heavierthanair vehicles and are using their wings to fly. Aerodynamic optimization trade study of a boxwing aircraft. The top and bottom wings are each assigned 7 design variables. Richard hale for teaching me the mechanics and design of composite materials and making me aware of details that should be considered in. A rolls royce liberty works ultra fan engine uses advanced turbofan. Conceptual design of a medium range box wing aircraft.

Design optimization of a composite wing box for highaltitude longendurance aircraft institution. Joint fixity effect on structural design of a box wing aircraft volume 116 issue 1178 p. If that alignment is off, engineering comes down and designs us. The conceptual and preliminary design of a 300passenger boxwing aircraft configuration, designated the prandtlplane, is investigated. Box wing flight dynamics in the stage of conceptual aircraft design. The design of an aircraft is a prolonged process that has mainly three phases. Pdf this paper presents an introduction to box wing aircraft technology, and an overview of. Fixtures are large permanent structures that are costly to design, manufacture and install. Box wing, layout design, oswald factor, novel aircraft design, conceptual design. Design and stress analysis of a general aviation aircraft wing. Identify the five basic stresses acting on an aircraft. A design optimization process is developed to define the wing box structure for highaltitude longendurance aircraft hale.